10.2. La evidencia
275
Cuadro 10.4: PIB p.c. y crecimiento medio anual 1900-2003
(d´olares Geary-Khamis 1990)
1900 1913 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2003 Crec.
Europa Occidental
Alemania
2.985 3.648 3.881 7.705 11.934 15.371 16.306 18.652 18.776 1,8
Austria
2.882 3.465 3.706 6.519 9.747 13.759 16.905 20.656 21.079 2,0
Finlandia
1.668 2.111 4.253 6.230 9.577 12.949 16.866 19.591 20.583 2,5
Francia
2.876 3.485 5.271 7.546 11.664 15.106 18.093 20.798 21.371 2,0
Noruega
1.937 2.501 5.463 7.208 10.033 15.129 18.466 25.133 25.832 2,5
Suecia
2.561 3.096 6.739 8.688 12.716 14.937 17.695 20.759 21.589 2,1
Suiza
3.833 4.266 9.064 12.457 16.904 18.779 21.482 22.381 22.174 1,7
Reino Unido
4.492 4.921 6.939 8.645 10.767 12.931 16.430 20.159 21.245 1,5
Promedio
2.904 3.436 5.665 8.125 11.668 14.870 17.780 21.016 21.581 2,0
Otros Industriales
Australia
4.013 5.157 7.412 8.791 12.024 14.412 17.106 21.549 23.287 1,7
Canad´a
2.911 4.447 7.291 8.753 12.050 16.176 18.872 22.366 23.322 2,0
EE.UU.
4.091 5.301 9.561 11.328 15.030 18.577 23.201 28.403 29.208 1,9
Nueva Zelanda 4.298 5.152 8.456 9.465 11.189 12.347 13.909 16.178 17.564 1,4
Promedio
3.828 5.014 8.180 9.584 12.573 15.378 18.272 22.124 23.345 1,8
Europa del Sur
Italia
1.785 2.564 3.502 5.916 9.719 13.149 16.313 18.786 19.150 2,3
Espa˜na
1.786 1.989 2.189 3.072 6.319 9.203 12.055 15.457 16.633 2,2
Grecia
1.351
- 1.915 3.146 6.211 8.971 9.988 12.07 13.577 2,3
Portugal
1.302 1.257 2.086 2.956 5.473 8.044 10.826 13.953 13.900 2,3
Promedio
1.556 1.936 2.423 3.772 6.930 9.842 12.295 15.066 15.815 2,3
Europa del Este
Albania
685 811 1.001 1.451 2.004 2.347 2.494 2.802 3.243 1,5
Bulgaria
1.223 1.534 1.651 2.912 4.773 6.044 5.597 5.341 6.268 1,6
Checoslovaquia 1.729 2.096 3.501 5.108 6.466 7.982 8.513 8.852 9.726 1,7
Hungr´ıa
1.682 2.098 2.480 3.649 5.028 6.306 6.459 7.137 7.947 1,5
Polonia
1.536 1.739 2.447 3.215 4.428 5.740 5.113 7.210 7.675 1,6
Rumania
1.415 1.741 1.182 1.844 2.853 4.135 3.511 3.006 3.511 0,9
Yugoslavia
902 1.057 1.551 2.437 3.755 6.063 5.779 4.813 5.274 1,7
Promedio
1.310 1.582 1.973 2.945 4.187 5.517 5.352 5.594 6.235 1,5
Am´erica Latina
Argentina
2.756 3.797 4.987 5.559 7.302 8.206 6.436 8.475 7.600 1,0
Brasil
678 811 1.672 2.335 3.057 5.198 4.923 5.474 5.460 2,0
Chile
1.949 2.653 3.821 4.320 5.293 5.738 6.402 9.890 10.438 1,6
Colombia
973 1.236 2.153 2.497 3.094 4.265 4.840 5.179 5.312 1,7
M´exico
1.366 1.732 2.365 3.155 4.320 6.289 6.119 7.270 7.151 1,6
Per´u
817 1.037 2.263 3.023 3.807 4.205 2.955 3.581 3.734 1,5
Uruguay
2.219 3.31 4.659 4.96 5.184 6.577 6.474 7.859 7.557 1,2
Venezuela
821 1.104 7.462 9.646 10.672 10.139 8.313 8.571 6.962 2,1
Promedio
1.447 1.960 3.673 4.437 5.341 6.327 5.808 7.037 6.777 1,6
Asia
China
545 552 439
673
783 1.067 1.858 3.542 4.429 2,1
India
599 673 619
753
868
938 1.309 1.861 2.165 1,3
Indonesia
743 904 840 1.019 1.194 1.870 2.516 3.28 0 3.495 1,5
Jap´on
1.180 1.387 1.921 3.986 9.714 13.428 18.789 21.167 21.373 2,9
Filipinas
1.053 1.070 1.476 1.764 2.376 2.224 2.421 2.564 1,0
Corea del Sur
820 770 1.105 2.340 4.114 8.704 14.001 15.750 3,3
Tailandia
841 817 1.078 1.694 2.554 4.629 6.377 7.165 2,4
Taiw´an
747 924 1.492 2.980 5.869 9.886 16.859 17.284 3,5
Promedio
767 872 925 1.448 2.667 4.027 6.239 8.688 9.278 2,2
Medio Oriente
Siria
1.350 2.409 3.023 3.540 6.508 5.701 7.698 7.931 2,0
Turqu´ıa
1.213 1.623 2.247 3.078 4.015 5.445 6.610 6.731 1,9
Africa
Egipto
902 910
991 1.254 2.069 2.522 2.969 3.085 1,4
Ghana
781 1.122 1.378 1.424 1.157 1.063 1.299 1.393 0,6
Marruecos
710 1.455 1.329 1.616 2.272 2.596 2.654 2.913 1,6
Nigeria
753
854 1.190 1.402 1.161 1.076 1.161 0.8
´Africa Sur
1.602 2.535 3.041 4.045 4.390 3.966 4.171 4.519 1,1
Sud´an
821 1.024
888
931
743
929 1.019 0,4
Promedio
998 1.266 1.436 1.736 2.037 2.009 2.183 2.348 1,0
Fuente: GGDC, Total Economy Database, August 2005 desde 1950 y Maddison (2001) antes de 1950.
1...,286,287,288,289,290,291,292,293,294,295 297,298,299,300,301,302,303,304,305,306,...781