Illustrations of the recent conchology of Great Britain and Ireland, with the description and localities of all the species, marine, land and fresh water

54 MOLLUSCA. [ GASTEROPODA Discovorod by Dr. James Lindsay in Ditcham Wood, noar Drcnton, H:unpshire, whero he collectcd about twcnty speci- mcns. Its habitat is among moss at thc roots of trccs• . As this shcll is a wcll known continental spccics, ancl ha,•ing bcen found in onc locality only, it is probable that it has bccn intro- duced among plants. 41. HELIX MARGARITACEA, pi. XVII, f. 54, 55, 56~First Ed., pi. 40, f. 54, 55, 56. Shcll deprcsscd both above and below, vcry thin and hyalinc; spire hardly clcvated abovc the body, and consisting of threc prctty wcll rounded and rapidly dccreasing volutions; sidos of the body inílated, and rather thick in proportion to its sizc; base rounded, and provided with a small and shallow umbilicus; apcrturc suborbicular, with a very thin outer lip; wholc surfacc of a pcarly whitc, cxhibiting iridcscent rcllcctions. Diameter an cighth of an inch. Discovcred by James Gcrard, Esq., on an old wall at Cor- storphiM I-lill, ncar Edinburgh. ORDER III-GASTEilOPODA. Animals with straight bodies, ncver spiral, nor totally cn- vclopcd in their shell; thc foot, or disc, siluated under thc bclly, unitcd to the body nearly its wholc lcngth, an<l scrving as an organ of locomotion. DIVISION 1.-PNEUMOilRANCHl,E. llranchiro in the form of a vascular nct, or thc wall of a par- ticular cavity, opening by a hole which the animal contracts or dilates at pleasure. The animals respire ai r. fAMILY l.-LIMACINEA. Animals almost wholly naked, with clongatcd bo<lies, crccp- ing by means of a ventral clise, with a narrow mantlc borderin"' thcir sidcs. 0 GENUS l.-V1Tlll:-.A.-Drapcrnaud. Shcll oblong, thin, trnnsparcnt, fragilc, and glassy ; spirc short, deprcssed, with scldom more than thrcc, rnpidly increas- ing \'Olutions; body large; nperlurc vcry amplc, its width bcing gencrally gre~tcr t!1an its length, ~nd somcwhat oblong; margin of thc outcr hp thm; columellar sHlc decply emarginatc by thc body; columella merely a simple spiral line. l. VtTlllNA PELl,UCIDA, pl. XVII, f. 6, 7, and 12.-Firsl Ed., pi. ·10, f. G, 7, and 12. · Viti·ina pcllucida, Drapernaud, p. 11 !), pl. s, f. 3-1 to 37 ; Lamarck, An. San. ,~ert., VI, pt. 2nd, p. 53; Fleming, Dril. An., p. 267; lb., Pin). Zool., II, p. 459, pi. ,¡, f. 1 ; Turton :Man., p. 31, f. 21 ; i\lder, l\fa"', Zoo) ancl Dot II p ¡o·' ... o • ., ' • o; l·~rbes, i\fal. l\fon., p. 7; Thompson, Ann. ami i\fag. Nat. 1-1,s~., VI, ]'· 19; Viti·ina Dilhcy11ii, dcp1·essa, and diapliana Jeílrey~, Lmn. Tr., XVI, p. 326; Vitrina 11liUleri Jeffre , ' I. T X.V ' )S, ,lll'.1· r., • , p. a2G; Vitrina Dl'<rpcniamli, Leach, Moll. P· SO; Je[reys, Liun. Tr., XVI, p. 326; Vit?-ina beryllina: Pfciffer, p. 47, pi. 3, f. l ; Vifrina elongata, T urton, Man., p. 3I, f. 22; Jleli.v pellucida, Müllcr, Vcrm., II, p. J 6; Pcnnant, Drit, Zoo!., IV, p. 138, No. 134; Ilcli:1: clliptica, Drown, Wcr- ncrian Mcm., II, p. 525, pi. 24, f. 8; H elicolima:i: pcllv.cidus, Férussac, Hist. Moll., pi. 9, f. 6. Shell clliptical, subdcpressccl, vcry thin, of a palc ycllowish- green colour, hyaline, and extrcmely glossy; body vcry largc, oblique; spirc very small, an<l consisting of two volutions, which rise but littlc above thc body, and terminatc in an obtusc apcx, well defincd by a striatcd sutura! line, discoverable only by the ai<l of a lens; aperturc oval, and very large, intcrruptcd aborn by the superior portion of thc body; outcr l ip thin, frc- quently with a pale brown margin; pillar lip slightly reílccted, and a little concavc abovc. Subjcct to sorne variety both in form and colour; but ali I have scen are only cntitlcd to rank as onc spccics. · This specics is found in ali localities; for I havc mct with it in ,•ery moist situations, amoug dccayed lcaves, under stones, &c., and I have procurecl spccimens near thc summit of Arthur's Seat, at Edinburgh, cight hundrcd fect above the level of thc sea. It prevails ali ovcr Ireland, and Thompson has found it in high mountain localitics. I first observc<l this spccies in thc cabinct of Mr. Dixon, of 13ishop-\ 1 Vcarmouth, in 1810, an<l drcw ami describc<l it undcr thc name of Helí:1: virides, as it was thc green variety. I after- warcls met with the palc ycllowish-whitc varicty, in 1814, at Farbane, King's County, Ireland. GENUS 2~TESTACELLA,-Cuvicr. ~hcll very small, comprcssr.d, placed cxtcrnally on thc animal, aunform; apcx obsoletcly spiral, consistiug of less thnn two vo- lutions; aperture very large, widc, and oblique; columella flat; outcr lip reflcctcd, and thin, with a slight sinus bchind. This singular univalvc is found attachecl to the back of the animal, ncar its posterior extremity. l. TESTACELLA HALIOTOIDEA, pl. xvrrr,-~ f. 15, 16. Tcstacella llaliotoidca, Drapernaud, p. 121, pi. 8, f. 44, 45; Lamarck, An. San. Vert., VI, pt. 2nd, p. 52; Cuvicr, An. clu Mus., ".'• P· 440, pi. 29, f. 6, 7; Thompson, Aun. and Mag. Nat. 1-I,st., VI, P· 19; Tcstacella scutulum, Sowerby, Gen. Hec. and Foss. Sh., f. 3, 3; Testacellus llaliotoidcus, Férussnc, I-Iist., pl. 8, f. 5 to 9; Sowerby, Gen., f. 1, 2; Alder, Mag. Zoo!. ancl Dot., II, p. 105; Tcstc1cellct Eu1·o¡uea, Hoissy. Dull'on V p. 252. ' ' Variety l. Testacclla scutulum, Sowcrby. Shcll auriform, ovoicl, or clongatecl ; vertex rather large, acule, placed at on_e extrcmity, and pointing to one s ide; aper- turc vcry l~rge; pillar lip, ncar its uppcr extrcmity, broad, llat, and very shghtly rellccted al the eclge; outer lip dilntecl. Inhabits gardcns, at Lnmbeth, and other locali tics near Lon- clon . It was found many ycars ngo al Youghal, lrcland, by Robert Dall, Esq., of Dublin. The Irish sp.)c:mens narcc with thc 7: scutulum of Sowerby. :Mr. Thompson says ,: h.:s also been found in a garden at Dando11, by l\1r. G. S. Allman. I concur with !\'Ir. Ila.11 and l\'lr. Thompson, i11 consideri1w the T. lfctliotoidca asan indigenous llritish ami Irish species. 0