Illustrations of the recent conchology of Great Britain and Ireland, with the description and localities of all the species, marine, land and fresh water

INVOLUTE.] MOLLUSCA. 4!) Shcll snbdcprcssecl, rccldish-hrown; body volution largc, with a slight carina ronncl its centre; spirc small, abruptly tapering, consi~ting of four well clefinecl, bnt deprcssccl volutions, lcr- minaling in a subaculc apcx ; aperturc sublunate ami roundish, its wicllh somewhat more than its lcnglh; outer lip thin, evcn, wilh an i111 ernal rib; pillar lip with a slight rellection ovcr thc umbilicus, which is broad; exterior coYerecl with rathcr remole, scattcrccl, irregular, decidous, whitish hairs, which are more plentiful near thc suture of the spirc, alHI aronnd lhc umbilicns, bcncath which it is conccnlrically groo,·cd. Diamcter upwards of thrcc-eighlhs of an inch; lenglh not. quite so much. This spccics is ncarly allicd to H. hispida, but somcwhat larger, with a wider nmbilicns, the hairs considcrably more dis- tan!, ancl is gcnerally more convex. The 11. concinna is widely sprcad all over England and Ireland. Its habitat is in dry situations, under stoncs and among nelllcs. 2-1. HELIX DEPILATA, pi. XVIII, f. 47, 48. Hefü· depilat<i, Pfciffcr, I, p. 35, pl. 2, f. 18; Aldcr, Mag. Zoo!. and llot., II, p. 107. Shell subglobose, depresscd, concenlrically groovcd, ami of a palc ycl!owish-brown ; body very largc ; spirc small, consisling of four volutions, tcrminating in a sharp point; base rather flat, provicled with a prctty largc umbilicus; apertur~ lunale; outcr lip whitc, ancl thickcned. Diamctcr not thrcc-eighths of an inch ; length a quarlcr of an inch. This spccies is bald in ali il~ stagcs from thc young to the adult condition. It is somewhat like JI. co:icin1w, but is con- sidcrably smallcr. lnhabits moist situations, undcr hedges, &c. Sub-Ge1n1s 5.-H1-;1,10J1ANRs.-Ffrussac. Subglobose, umbilicatcd; pe1·istome not ?'cjlected; cpiclennis tliin; epiplwagin 111e111brnnaeous. 25. HELIX VIIIGATA, pi. XVII, f. 42, 43, 44.-First Ed., pi. 40, f. 42, 43, 44, Helir vfrgata, llfontagu, Test. Brit., p. 415, pi. 24, f. 1; Fleming, Edin. Ency., VII, p. 79; lb., Brit. An., p. 261; Rrown, \~ 7 ernerian lVlcm., II, p, 52•1; Maton and llackett, Linn. 'fr., VIII, p, 1!)5; Turton, :Man., p. 40, f. 31; Thompson, Ann. ancl l\íag. Nat. Hist., VI, p. 28; Hcli.i· zonm·ia, Pennant, Brit. Zool., IV, p. 137, pi. 85, f. 133; Donovan, Brit. Sh., pi. 65 ; Heli.1: vm·iabilis, Drapernaud, p. 84, pi. 5, f. 11, 12; Lamarck, An. San. Vert., VI, pt. 2nd, p. 83; Rossmasslcr, !con., VI, p. :H, pi. 26, f. 356, a to f; Férussac, J ourn. Phys., p. 29i; Aldcr, Mag. Zoo!. ami llot., II, p. 109; Ifclü· sl?'icita, Brard, p. 36, pi. 2, f. 5, 6; Teba virgatci, Lcach, Moll., p. 93. Shell subglobosc, subpcllucid; body large; spire small, coi1- ~isting of Ít\•c consiclerably inflated volutions, dceply defincd by the sutura! line; apcrture sublunated, longer than widc, of a pale purplish-brown internally, inside with a narrow, whitc, thread-likc clevalion; outcr lip thin, but not rcílectecl; pillar lip slightly rellcxcd O\'Cr the umbilicus; whole surface whitc, tinged with palc pink, usually with a clark purplish-brown zone round the centre of thc body, continuing spirally at thc base ot' the volulions of lhe spirc, unlil it reachcs the apcx; base of thc body gcncrally with three or four concentric lines of the samc dark colour; thcse in sorne instanccs are conflucnt, the intervcning colourlcss parts appcaring in spots; others are proviclccl with two or three broacler circular bands at the base, none of which, howevcr, run close lo lhc mnbilicus, which is c,nly of moderate size, but decp. Ordinary diameter three- cighlhs of an ioch; but is frcc¡ucntly met with lhrcc-quartcrs of an inch. This shcll is subjcct to grcat Yaricty in colour, ami also in the number alHI disposition of its bands ancl markings; onc of which is of a clark chocolale-brown, with a white central bancl round the body; somctimcs it is pure whitc, ami dcslitnte of bands, whilc in olher while specimcns the zoncs are quite dis- tinct ami transparent; the apex for the most parl is black. A bcautiful v~riety is of a pale flesh-colour, with a white central band. Wc met wilh a lusus of this spccies (pi. XVII, f. ,11 ancl 45) al Farhane, Kiug's County, Ircland, with the volutions of thc spirc subscalariform, ancl the whole surfacc of a unifonu rcd- clish-brown colour, "·ilh a whi le bancl rouncl the centre of th_c body, and continuing rouud the base of thc volulions of the spire; and the apicial volulions ralhcr obtusc. The H. vfrga./ii is a local spccics both i1, Englancl a1lCI Irc- lancl, bul most plentiful where it occurs. It clocs uot appcar lo extencl further uorth than the central countics of England. Iu Ireland, I met with it plentifully in the King's County, Quecn's Counly, and Kilclarc. Al llallinakill, I found some vcry largc ami beautiful spccimens. My csteemed friend T . W. ,varrcn, Esq., of Dublin, posscsses the most bcautifnl ancl rnriecl series of this shell, which any collection can boa~t of. The favourilc habilat of this spccies is clry, sancly siluations. lt has been remarkecl, that this shell neYer associates with thc 11. e1·icctoiw11. 26. HELIX CAPERATA, pi. XVII, f. 37 and 39, Jlcli:i: capcrata, Monlagu, Test. llrit., p. 430, pi. 11, f. 1I ; Turlon, Brit. Fau., p. 188; lb., Man., p. 42, f. 32; Maton ami Rackctt, Linn. Tr., VIII, p. 196; Ilrown, "\,Vcrnerian Mem., U, p. 536; Fleming, Edin. Ency., VII, p. 80; lb., Brit. An., p. 262; Jefli·eys, Linn. Tr., XIII, p. 334 ; Forbes, Mal. Mon., p, 8; Thompson, Ann. and llfag. Nat. 1-list., VI, p, 2!); llcli.r: st?'iata, Drapernaud, p. 106, pi. 6, f. 18 to 21; Lamarck, An. San. Vert., VI, pl. 2nd, p. 93; Hossmassler, V, p. 28, pi. 2G, f. 354; Ileli.i: intei·secta, Rrard, p. 3!), pi. 2, f. 7, Shell suhpcllucid, subdeprcssed ; spire with fi l'C flattened vo- lutions, and tcrminating in a somewhat obtuse, nearly black apex; body provided wilh a subcarinated belt rouncl its centre, thc base with a large ancl clcep umbilicus; apcrture semilunar; outer and inner lips thin, the latter not reflecled over the um- bilicus; gencrally of an ash-colour, or yellowish, and entirely covercd with strong, regular, close-set, longitudinal striro; supe- rior portion of the body usually providecl with a brown spiral baml, which is continuous on the base of the volutions of the spire; base generally with severa! conccntric, dark brown bands, which are interruptcd al intcrvals, producing a catinatcd, or spottccl appearancc; sometimc~ thc fasciro are confluent, and spottcd wilh white. Diamcter al thc base gencrally about three-eighths of an inch; height about a quarter. This spccie, is liablc to considerable variation in colour and markings, ancl cven in size. Sorne are of a brownish ash-colour, gray, or crcam-colour; others are clark brown, with a whitc, subcarinated band round thc body; but most of thcm havc a