Illustrations of the recent conchology of Great Britain and Ireland, with the description and localities of all the species, marine, land and fresh water

MOLLUSCA. ['fnACIIELIPODA 2. VALYA1'A c111sT,\TA, pi. XIV, f. 66, 67,-First Ed., pi. <11, f. 66, 67. Vctlvatci ci·ist<1ta, J\'liillcr, V crm., p. 198; Flcming, Brit. An., p. 286; Al<lcr, J\:fag. Zool. ami Dot., II, p. l 16 ;. Th~mpson, Ann. and J\fog. Nat. Hist., VI, p. 18; V<1lvat<i s¡nro1·b1s, Dra- pernaud, p. 41, pi, 1, f. 32, 33; Turton, l\Ian., p. 131, f. 115; Brnr<l, P· 187, pi. 6, f. 15, 16 ; Tm·bo c1·istat11s, l\faton nnd Hnckct, Linn. Tr., V III, p. 169; Ileli.i: c1·istata, Montagu, 'fost. Drit., p. •IGO, pi. 1, f. 7, 8. Valva/a mi1111/a, of Drnpernaud, pi. 1, f. 36, 37, 38, repre- scmts the young shcll; Turton, Man., p. 132, f. 117, Shcll discoidal, consisting of four cylindrical 1·olutions, llat- lcncd ahovc, ami umbilicate hencath; exposing ncarly ali thc inner volutions, thcsc are slightly striated lransverscly; apcrturc quite orbicular, atlachcd to lrnl not interruptcd by the body volution; pcristomc ns thick as thc. othcr parts of the shell, ancl slightly oblic¡uc. Dia,;,clcr onc-tcnlh of D.n inch. Founcl in canals ami ditchcs in Ilritain, and is a vcry common ,pccics in nlmost ali parts of Ircland. FAMll,Y VIII.-LYMN,ECEA. Shcll spiral, gcncrally with a smooth externa! surfacc; margin uf thc ontcr lip nlways ncutc, :111(I nol rcílcctc.d. Animals am- ¡,hibious, usually clcstitntc. of .an opcrculum. GENus 37.-Lni:-.,r.A.-Lamarck. Shcll oblong, thin, sometimos clongatccl :md ncutcly tur- rctcd; spirc always prodncccl; apcrturc largc, cnlire, oblong, ~cncrally slrailc11c1I, ;11ul somcwhat acuminalc abovc ancl ro11nd- .,,l hcl,llv; onlcr lip :icnlc; thc lowcr part of thc inucr· lip asccnding on thc pillar, fonuing an oblic¡ue plait or fold, ancl ri~ing, spreads more or lcss ovcr the columclla, or front of the liocly 1·0l11tio11; 1:xternal surfacc s111ooth, frcc¡ucntly polished. Dcstilnlc of an opcrculmn. l. Ln1:-.,EA S'l'AG:-.ALIS, pi. XV, f. l!) ami 21.-First Ecl., pi. •12, f. 1 !J :me! 2 1. L,IJIIW<Vus st"gn<tlis, Lamarck, An. San. Vcrt., VI, pi, 2nd, !'· 15!); Drapcrnaiul, p. 51, pi. 2, f. :rn, 39; Pfciffcr, p. 86, pi. ·1, f. J!); Tmton, i\I:111., p, 121, f. 10·1; Alclcr, Mag. Zool. a11CI llut., p. 11 ·l; llrnrcl, p. 1 :!3, pi. ií, f. l ; De Montfort, II, p. :!1,8 ; Sowcrby, Genera, f. l ; Hossmasslcr, I, p. 95, pi. 2, f. 49; Thomp,011, Aun. mul i\Iag. Nat. Hist., VI, p. 45; Stagnicolci l'lllgm·is, I .cach, i\Ioll., p. 1-15; L!Jmncus majo,·, Jclfreys, Linn. Tr., X VI, p. 375; Li11111er, stag11<tlis, Flcming, Drit. An., p. :!7:1; lldi.,· sl<tgmrlis, i\Iontagu, Test. Drit., p. 367, pi. 16, f. 8; Do110,·a11, Brit. Sh., 11, pi. 51, f. 2; I3rown, Wcrnerian Mem., 11, p. 530. Shcll 1·cry thin, brittle, oblong-oval, s11b11latc, pcllucid, all(I horn-colourcd; h0<ly largc, longitmlinally striatecl, gcnerally ,·ros,c,I by a fow raisccl ~piral ridgcs; spirc acule, consist ing of tirn or six n1l11tions, tapering lo a fine point, ancl separatcd by a ,lc1'p sutnrr; apcrlurc ami, a liltlc nanowcr abol'C than bclow, aud occupyin,; more than half !he lcngth of the shcll; outcr lip thiu, huL not rcílccte,1; pillar lip rcílectccl on thc col11mclla, with :m oblique fold, hchind which is a slight umbilicus. This shcll is suhjcet lo some varicly. F. 22, 23, pi. XV, is :1 thin ami lcss 1·cu1ricosc rnricly, to which i\lonlngu givcs thc ~pccilic namc of fnrgilc.~, p. :169, pi. 16, f. 7, Fig. 20 is the rcpresentation of a young shell. Thc very fine spccimcn fro111 which f. 22 and 23 wcrc draw11, I obtaincd in a small slream 011 a flat meadow ucar Clonooncy Barracks, King's Counly, Irclancl, whcrc thcy wcrc plcnliful of that siic. 2. Lnrn,1,A PALUST111s, pi. XV, f. 17, 18.-First Ed., pi. 42, f. 17, 18 . Lym11a1us palusll'is, Lamarck, An. San. Vcrt., VI, pt. 2nd, p. 160 ; Drapernaud, p, 52, pi. 2, f. ,Jo alHl 42; Pfciffcr, p. 80, pi. 4, f. 20; Turton, Ilfan., p. 123, f. l 07; Rossmasslcr, Icon., I, p. 96, f. 51, 52; Drard, p. 136, pi. 5, f. 6, 7; Alder, Mag. Zoo!. and Bot., JI, p, l 1'1 ; Thompson, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., VI, p. 45; Forbcs, Mal. llfon., p. l<I; L!Jmnceus com- mwiis, Jelfrcys, Linu. Tr., XVI, p. 276; Stag11icola commtmis, Lcach, Mol l., p. 142; Linmca p<tlusll'is, Flc111ing, llrit. An., p. 2H; llcli:v palustris, Montagu, Test. Drit., p. 373, pi. lo, f. 10; Donovan, Drit. Sh., pi. 175; Ileli:i: stagnalis, Pcnnant, füit. Zoo!., IV, p. 86, pi. 13, f. 13. Shell oblong-ovalc, subpellucid, brownish horn-coloured; bo<ly subcylindrical; spire consisting of four or five wcll dcfinecl , slightly roundcd , ·olutions, tcrminating in a sharp apcx, slighlly wrinklecl langituclinally, and somctimcs travcrsccl by dislanl, slight, irregular ll'ansvcrse ridgcs, particularly on the bocly volu- tion, producing a facctlcd appcarancc; aperlurc ol'al, occupying ncarly thc half of thc shcll, insidc frcqucntly of a dccp choco- late, or purplish-brown; outcr lip thin; inncr lipa littlc rcílccted 011 the columclla, with a small umbilicus bchind. Length gene- rally aboul thrc.c-quarlcrs of an inch; breadth three-cights. 1t somctimcs, howcvcr, occurs largcr. This spccies is subjecl to grcat rnricty, both in proportions ancl colour. F. ,1, 5, 7, H, 15, 16, all(l 23, pi. XV, are varie- tics; f. 26 is a varicty of a clecp blackish-brown, and is varicty b of Drapernaucl, p. 52, pi. 2, f. 42; f. 11 is rnricly e of thc samc author, pi. 2, f. 1 12; f. 6, 7 is a variely, with thc apcx dccollatcd, which is not uncommon, Maton ancl Hackct, Linn. Tr., V III, pi. 5, f. 8; l:lfog. Nat. Hist., VII, p. 161, f. 32. Fonnd plcntifully in ditches, marshes, lakcs, an<l ponds. 3. Lni:-,,r:A MINUTA, pi. XV, f. 12, 13~First Ed., P\· 42, f. 12, 13, a1HI pi. XIV, f. 27. Limncus 111i1111tus, Drapernaud, p. 53, pi. 3, f. 5, 6; Aldcr, llfag. Zoo!. all(I Dot., II, p. 115; Brar<l, p. 138, pi. 5, f. 8, 9; Limncus fossm·ius, Turlon, Man., p. 124, f. 108; Limncus millutus, l3rarcl, p, 138, pi. 5, f. 8, 9; Limncus frunc<tlulus, .Telfreys, Linn. Tr., XVI, p. 377; Thompson, Ann. ami Mag. Nat. Hist., VI, p. 32; Lgmna:11 minuta, Lamarck, VI, pt. 2nd, p. 162; L!Ji;ma:a fossa1·ia, Flcming, Drit. An., p. 27,¡; Ileli.i· fossai·frr, Illontagu, Tcst. llri t.., p, 372, pi. 16, f. 9; Brown, Ency. 13rit.., VI, p. 401; Ib., Wcrnerian Illcm., II, p. 530; Tm·bo riv11l11s, '\-Valkcr, Test. i'din. llar., f. 57. Shcll oblong-ovatc, pellucid, of a yellowish horn colour; spire consisting of fil'C or six roundecl, all(l dceply dcfincd Yolutions, tcrminating in a sharp apex; apcrturc ovale, ncarly half the lcngth of thc shell; outer lip slightly reflcctcd; inner lip nar- rowly foldccl on thc columclla. Lcngth gcnernlly half an inch, but frcqucntly lcss. This spccics is nol uncommon in many ¡,arts of Britain ancl Irelantl. It frequcnls nrncldy drains or ditchcs, a1HI is oftcn to he found in situat ions, ont of water, existing mcrcly by a littl c moisturc.