Illustrations of the recent conchology of Great Britain and Ireland, with the description and localities of all the species, marine, land and fresh water

88 MOLLUSCA. , [CONCHA Cl\A. :,. C,U\O!UM ZONAT0M, pi. XXXV, f. 8. Ccll'dium zonatum, First Ed., pi. 22, f. 8. Shcll nearly globular, thin; wilh numerous, longitudinal ribs, crosscd by close-set, scale-like processes; the umbones nearly central, and obtuse; externa! surface pale gamboge- yellow, or sulphur-coloitr, with pretly broad, transverse bancls of dull green, sometimes with purple bands; inside white, tinged with purple; cardinal leeth large, and acule. Diameter notan inch. This species was first detccted by my late friencl l\'!r. Han- cock, of Newcastlc, at Scaton, in Yorkshire, ancl afterwards by my late friend Dr. Goodall, Provost of Eton Collcge, on the Devonshire coast; and I was lately furnished with specimcns by Hobcrt Ball, Esq., of Dublin Castle, who obt.ained thcm at Y oughal, Ireland. This may be distinguished from the young of C. cclulc, by being invariably much thinner, ancl more inflated; smoother, ancl its colour of a gamboge-ycllow, ancl zoncd. Its habitat is at the mouths of rivers, whcrc thc water is brackish; and it nevcr rcachcs an inch in diametcr. 6. CAnDJUM FASCIATUM, pi. XXXV, f. 9 and 1 l. Ca,·clium Jasciatum, First Ed., pl. 22, f. 9 and 11 ; Mon- tagu, Sup., p. 30, pl. 27, f. 6; Turton, Div., p. 189; Fleming, p. 422. Shell snborbicular, sublrnncátcd on the posterior side, thin, and subpellncid; with about twcnly-seven flat, smooth ribs, which are slightly lubcrculatcd at thc roundcd siclo; colour rcddish-whilc, with thrce or four bands of rcddish chcstnut- hrown, pcnelraling to thc inside of the shcll, which is of a fine blnish-whitc; thc ribs are al,o visible. Diameter seldom ex- ceecling three-eighths of :in inch; breadth somewhat more. This shell will readily be clistingnished from thc young of C. ed11lc, by its lateral subtruncatiou; lhe young cclulc being inva- riably circular in this condit.iou. Fonml on the coasts of Cornwall, Devonshirc, ancl Forfar- shirc. 7. CAIIDIUM EXIGUUM, pi. XXXV, f. 10. Ccll'dimn c.vigimm, First Ed., pi. 22, f. 1O; l\fontagu, p. 82; Turtou, lliY., p. 186; Fleming, p. '122; Card·iwn p!Jgma:um; DonO\•nu, I, pi. 32, f. 3. Shell very convex, subtriangular, ancl slightly cordiform; colour crcam-white, or rosy; with from twenty to twenty-two strongly tuberculatcd ribs; lhe intervening furrows deep and transversely striatecl; anterior sido considerably slopecl, ami nearly parallcl with the umboncs; inside smooth, whitc, and ~ometimes reddish at thc flatlened siclc; margin deeply denti- culatcd. Dimncter about half an inch. Thc subtriangular form of this shell is one of its most slriking charactcristics. Tnhabits the coasts of Falmouth, Salcomb, ami Torbay, whcrc Dr. Turtou says he has found thcm burrowing in the hardest stone; also in thc Frith of Forth; Portmarnock, ancl the \Vcstcrn coasls of Ircland. 8. CARDIU)I LiE\'IGATU)t, pl. XXXV, f. 12, 13, 1'1, 15. Cm·dium hevigat11m, First Ed., pl. 22, f. 12, 13, 1-1, 15; lllontagu, p. 80; Donornn, II, pl. 5-1; Turton, Biv., p. J !)O; Fleming, p. •122; Forbcs, p. 46. Shcll elongatcd, subcomprcssed, s11bo1·al; with numerous, s inooth, flat, narrow ribs, which bccome obsolcte on both sides of thc shell, divicled by rcry narrow, shallow furrows, and eros- sed by shallow, irregular, indistinct, conccntric wrinkles; surfacc of a pale yellowish flcsh-colour, frequently mottlecl with chcst- nut, covcred by a.yellowish-brown, or fawn-coloured epidermis, frequently decorlicatcd towarcls thc umbones; insicle smooth glossy, white, with the margin pretty dceply denticulatecl, witl; inclications of the ribs lowards the base of the valvcs. Ordinary length from two to two and a half inches; breadth about from onc ami three-quartcrs to two inchcs. In Orkney _it attains the lcngth of three inches. Thc speci- men fr~m wluch f. 12 was drnwn is from that locality, and is in the cnbmet of William Nicol, Esq., of Eclinburgh. In the earlier stagcs, this shell is of a rich chesluut, verv glossy, aud with beautiful clouds ancl spots of rose-colour, an;l thc insidc of a rosy hue, as in f. 15. 9. CARDIUM OllLONGUM, pl. XXXV, f. 16, 17. Cai·clium oblougum, First Ecl., pi. 22, f. 16, 17 ; 13rown, Ency. Brit., 6th Ecl., VI, p. 409, pi. 152, f. 9; Cai·dimn sulca- tum, Lamarck, VI, pl. 1st, p. 1 O; Ency. 11:Icth., pl. 298, f. 5; \Vood, pi. 5,1, f. 3. Shcll elongated, oval, oblique, considcrably inllated; bcaks small; with numerous, flat, narrow ribs, crossed by indistinct lines of growth ; colour pale flesh, or redclish-buff, covcred by an olive or ycllowish-brown epidermis; inside glossy, white, flesh-coloured, or palo lilac, crenulated at the margins, with thc ribs extending ncarly half way from the base. Usual length about an inch and a half; breadth ncarly lwo inches. This shell will be casily distinguishcd from thc C. la:vigatm11, by its more lengthened form; being more obliquc, considcrably more inflated, and in the ribs more uumcrous. Inhabits the coast of Bray, Ireland; and at St. Amlrew's, in Scotland, whcrc it was obtained by Dr. Coldstrcam, of Lcith. FAMILY IV,-CONCIIACEA. 'With at lcast thrcc primary tecth in one 1•all'c, ancl the same number for thc most part in thc other; in a fcw instances less. GENUS 9,-PULLASTnA.-Sowerby. Shell equivalve, transverse, inequilateral, the anterior sidc bcing thc shorter; threc diverging cardinal tceth in both valves, situate near to each other, and generally with a notched or cleft termination; and in a fcw species the central tooth is dceply so; two lateral, somewhat rounded, muscular impressions in each valve; pallial imprcssion with a largo sinus; ligament externa!, ancl partly concealed by the dorsal margins of thc valvcs. l. Puu,AsTnA DECUSSATA, pi. XXXVII, f. 5, 6. Vc1ms dccussata, First Ed., pi. 19, f. 6, 7; Montagu, P· 12-1; Donovan, II, pi. 67; Turton, Iliv., p. 158; Maton ancl Hackctt, Linn. Tr., VIII, p. 88, pi. 2, f. 6; Vi:nci·upis dccussata, Flc- ming, p. 451. Shcll subornl, trans1·ersely elongntecl, subrhoml.Joiclal; ante- rior sidc slightly truncatcd; wholc surface with stronrr lonoitu- . ~ b cima!, ami transvcrse stri:c, proclucing a beautifully dccussatcd appcarancc, which is strongcr at thc anterior sidc; umboncs blunt, with a lanccalalc, cordiform lunucle uncler them ; colour of a palc or dark buf!~ with bcautiful, irrcou!ar markin"s of decp b b