Actas de las I jornadas del régimen jurídico de las aguas

127 Código habilita a la Autoridad de Aguas a dictar regulación de emergencia en dos supuestos. El primero, sin intervención de ningún otro poder, cuando se esté “...en condiciones existentes o amenazantes, en un año críticamente seco, precedido por 2 o más años consecutivos por debajo de lo normal, secos o críticamente secos”. El segundo supuesto es durante la vigencia de un estado de emergencia oficialmente declarado por el Gobernador, en el marco de lo dispuesto por la Ley de Servicios de Emergencia de California por razones de sequía. Tanto California como Chile, ponen límites a la duración de las regulaciones de emergencia. Sin embargo, los mismos han resultado relativos o parcialmente ineficaces frente a la prolongación de la sequía o a una disminución progresiva de las precipitaciones como de hecho se prevé a futuro. Y ello porque los dos tipos de límites, tanto el relativo a las condiciones objetivas para la utilización de los poderes como el establecimiento de un plazo fijo preestablecido o determinado por ley, presentan limitaciones evidentes en la práctica. El primer límite no funciona frente a años críticamente secos que podrían ser cada vez más frecuentes como de hecho se prevé, con lo que los poderes otras cosas, las penas por extracciones ilegales durante la sequía. (a) This section applies to any emergency regulation adopted by the board for which the board makes both of the following findings: (1) The emergency regulation is adopted to prevent the waste, unreasonable use, unreasonable method of use, or unreasonable method of diversion, of water, to promote water recycling or water conservation, to require curtailment of diversions when water is not available under the diverter’s priority of right, or in furtherance of any of the foregoing, to require reporting of diversion or use or the preparation of monitoring reports. (2) The emergency regulation is adopted in response to conditions which exist, or are threatened, in a critically dry year immediately preceded by two or more consecutive below normal, dry, or critically dry years or during a period for which the Governor has issued a proclamation of a state of emergency under the California Emergency Services Act (Chapter 7 (commencing with Section 8550) of Division 1 of Title 2 of the Government Code) based on drought conditions. (b) Notwithstanding Sections 11346.1 and 11349.6 of the Government Code, any findings of emergency adopted by the board, in connection with the adoption of an emergency regulation under this section, are not subject to review by the Office of Administrative Law. (c) An emergency regulation adopted by the board under this section may remain in effect for up to 270 days, as determined by the board, and is deemed repealed immediately upon a finding by the board that due to changed conditions it is no longer necessary for the regulation to remain in effect. An emergency regulation adopted by the board under this section may be renewed if the board determines that the conditions specified in paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) are still in effect. (d) In addition to any other applicable civil or criminal penalties, any person or entity who violates a regulation adopted by the board pursuant to this section is guilty of an infraction punishable by a fine of up to five hundred dollars ($500) for each day in which the violation occurs. (Chapter 2. Administrative Provisions Generally - California Water Code Section 1058.5)”