Desarrollo de la Antártica
Takesi Nagata / THE ADVA:-ICEMENT OF SC1ENT1FIC RESEARCH ••. 'gravity', 'meteorology', 'oceanography', 'glaciology', 'seismology', 'la· titude and longitude', and the interdisciplinary subjects, and later a revolutionary new research subject, the space research by means of 'sounding rockets and artificial satellites', was introduced into the IGY programs. In the activities of CSAGI J special efforts were made to OTganize se· veral regional working groups to welI coordinate observational net– works and programs in their particular regions. One of these wor– k¡ng groups fOT the regional coordinatÍon and programing was the Antarctic Working Group, whioh has become Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) of ICSU before the terminatÍon of IGY. Prior to the start of IGY period 1957-58, a number of new Antarctic stations were built up in various localities in the Antarctic continent and islands in ,1955-56. These are 8 Argentine stations at Arcadas Es– peranza, Melchior, 'General San Martin, Teniente Camara, Decep– lÍon, General Belgrano and Almirante Brown, '4 Chilean stations at Capitan Arturo Prat, General Bernardo O'Higgins, ¡p'residente Gonzá– lez Videla and Presidente Pedro Aguirre Cerda, 2 Australian stations at Mawson and Macquarie Ilsland, 2 French stations at Dumont d'Ur– ville and Charcot, 3 Soviet stations at Mirny, Oasis and lPionerskaya, 12 Britísh statíons at Halley Bay, Hope Bay, Port Lockroy, lDeception Is., Argentine ls., Horseshoe Is., Danco Is., Detaille ['s., Anvers Is., Signy Is., AdmiTalty Bay and Grytviken in South Georgia Is. and 2 US new stations at Little America V and McMurdo. The us program, Operation Deep Freeze, started in 1955. In 1956-57, the Antarctic station networks were expanded by bui1~ ding up new stations. The newly built L!\ntarctic stations are a Nor· wegian station at Queen Martha Coast, a Japanese Syowa station at Prince Harald Coast, 4· new us 'Station at South Pole, Byrd, Wi1kes and Ellsworuh, and 2 new Soviet stations at Vostok and Sovietskaya. In 1957-58, the Antarctic statiOll networks were further expanded. The new stations are a Belrgian 'Roí Baudoin' station at Princess Ragnhild Coast, an Australian new station at Davis, 2 French new stations at Camp Heurtin and Port aux Frant,:ais, a New Zealand. "Seatt" station on Ross Island, a new Norwegian station at lNlorway Station, 3 South African statíons at Gough Is., Marion Is. and Tristan da Cunha and a us-New Zealand joint station at HaIlet Base. At these Antarctic stations, the observations of IGY discipline pheno– mena were systematícally perfonned in reasonably good coordinatíon among the Antarctic stations themselves and between the Antarctic observatíon network and the observatoríes out of t;his continent. In '73
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