Desarrollo de la Antártica

Takesi Nagata / THE ADVANCEMENT OF SClENTlFIC RESEARCH ••• arctic continent and the practically continuous pattern changes of the inflow of warm airmasses into and the outflow of cold airmass from the Antarctic continent. It seems therefore that t:he satellztr._ meteorology programs will have to be more emphasized in Antarc– tica. As it is so in the Antarctic meteorology, ~he satellite-glaciology has already been demonstrating its, unique power fulness in the glaciolo– gical researches in Antarctíca. For example, informatíon of tlhe ice– sheet surÍ<cce temperature throug¡hout all seasons should be extre– mely important data. In addition, photographs of bare-ice areas, glacier forms, locations of large crevasses, etc. and their changes with time are being continuously supplied from satellites. Because the field studies outside the winteríng stations on the Antarctic nature such as the glaciological phenomena are extremely difficult or almost impossible in t:he Antarctic winter season, the all-around-a-year ob– servations by means of satellites shouId be considered uniqueIy Slg– nificant. The fast-ice and paok-ice areas as well as icebergs can be almost continuously monitored by satellites. Actually, the satellite-photú– graph data of these Antarctíc sea ices are heing used as significant information for rhe Antarctic navigations. As mentioned in § 7, the icebergs flow aImost aIong the otean currents so tlhat the iceberg monitoring from satellites can suppIy a continuous record of ocean currents in the vicinity of the Antarctic. This Antarctic satellztp, oceanograpihy also may be considered important at present and in the future. It is obvious that the observations and measurements from satel– lites are essentially significant in the polar upper atmosplhericre– searches, as described in fair detail in § 9. The satellite technique is going to be applied even in fhe Antarctic marine biological resear– ches. For instance, there is a reasonably high possibility of detecting and locating the dense swarms (or patches) of Antarctic krills be. cause of their characteristic colour. It might be concluded t:bus that every possible effort will have to be made in the development of application of the satellite techniques on al Antarctic sdentific re· searches. b) Unmarruned Observatory Networks The wintering observatory networks have already been reasonably well established in Antarctica, as illustrated in Fig. l. It is still necessary, however, to build up more observatories at key points