Desarrollo de la Antártica

EL DESARROLLO DE LA ANTÁRTICA § 12. CaNCLUDING REMARKS-FliTURE SCIENTlFIC RESEARCH IN ANTARCTlCA In the previaus sectians. fram 3 ta 10, autlines of tibe scope and results O'f each scientific r,esearch discipline now under way in Am– arctica are briefly summarized. Generally summarizing, the syste– matic scientific researches of Antarctica started only about 20 years ago, and at present we are getting sorne fruitful results of these re– searches, but it is still premature o argue that we have more or less understood Antarctica, because there remain a large number of unsolved important problems. "Atlas Antarkctiki" 1 and 11 compiled and published by the Soviet Academy of Sciences is a great milestone in the progress histO'ry of Antarctic sciences, but even ~hese scienti– fic maps in the Atlas can give only outlines of respective phenomena and sorne parts of sorne maps are more or less hypotihetical. In other words, the scientific researches of Antarctica will have tO' be much more developed from now as a comprehensive regional science of mis particular continent. a) Satellite-borne scientific surueys ~nd obseruations Recent progresses of Antarctic sciences owe very muah to tibe pro– gress in artificial sat,el'lite utilization techniques. Fig. 12 showing tlhe southem aurora distribution is one of typical examples of the appli– cation of satellite techniques. As discussed in § 5, the Antarctic car tography in order to compile accurate maps of all parts of Antarctica at present and in the future will refer to the Geometric Satellite Triangulation Network (Fig. 6) as the basic datum points. Tibe geo– detic satellites can be generally used to accurately determine the Illwee dimensional position (with errors less than 10 m) of any ground-based p'oint, when an appropriate instrumentation for tibe satellite-geodesy is equipped. It is ihoped tJherefore that the sateUite– geod,esy will become the most popular and powerful cairtographic technique in Antarctica too. By introducing this technique, the Antarctic cartographic data obtained by the ground geodetic surveys and by the air-and satellite-photographings will be revolutionally better used. As discussed in 3 and 11, the meteorological station networ.k in Antarctica is working very efficiently already at presento According to the experience at Syowa Station, the visible and infrared photo– graphs taken by meteorology satellites can currently supply impor– tant data of the distribution of surface temperature all over the Ant- 126