Desarrollo de la Antártica

Takesi Nagala / THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH .•• a) Observation networks and pmgrams fior IMS in Antarctica The IInternational Magnetosphere Study (IMS) program has beea specifically organized for !he period of 1976-1978 to systematically pro– mote comprehensive researches of tJhe earth's magnetosphere and its variation-particularly the magnetospheric substorms. In the IMPS programs, the coordinated researches of the magnetosphere with t;he aid of artificial satellites, sounding rockets, high-altitude balloons and ground based observatory networks are carefully planned, and specifíc emphasis is given to the importance of observatory networks in the Antarctic as well as in the Arctic. 1. Ground-based observatories in Antarctica Table 7 shows dhe Antarctic stations for the IMS and the scientific observation disciplines which they are conducting. Fig. 1 illustrates the locations of these IMS observatories in Antarctica. As seen in the figure, the distribution of observatories is more adequate than in the northern polar región, because the scientifically significant sites can be selected for the locations of such observatories in the Ant– arctic polar cap region which is a continent. As for tl1e observation disciplines listed in Table 7, tlhe basíc routine observations instruments for the upper atmospheric phenomena such as alI-sky cameras, magnetographs and ionosondes have been maintained or increased in number at tJhese Antarctic stations in the IMS programs in comparison with the IGY programs. Remar· kable progresses have been made in the IMS networks in regard t0 the photometric observations of aurorae (1\2 stations), the ULF ob– servations by means of induction magnetographs (19 stations), the ionospheric abso,rption measurements by riometers (19 stations) and the VLF auroral radio wave measurements (12 stations) . This advan– ced &Ítuation of the upper atmosphere researches in Antarctica is due to the real international cooperation and coordination in Antarctica In response to the recent rapid progress in space physics. In addition, special emphasis is put on the wnmanned observatory netwm'hs for these upper atmospheric physics in Antarctica, because some scientifically important sites for suoh observations are inconve– nient for the human-life of engaging scientists. The unmanned ob– servatory networks built up by Australian, }apanese, UK, USA and USSR groups in Antarctica are efficientIy working in Antarctica and supplying very important information. 10 5