Problemas contemporáneos de la actividad aeronáutica y del espacio

Werner Guldirnan/l I FREEDON AND OR C01\TROL 1:>1 Ii'lTER1\ATlONAL CIVIL AVIATION 4.2. The Substance 4.12.0. G.eneral In the following, a set of ideas is submitted as to how the substan'– tive problems couId be internationalIy .resolved. They are not quite I identical with the results arrived at in the Think Tank whic'h was mentioned ín the introc1uction, but che, author is of course very much influenced by the latter's discussions and deliberations. lt should be clearIy understood chat he does not consider his ideas al– ready as mat:ure enough to be transIated into definite proposals. 4.2.1. Market Entry O. Regulation, of marrket entry depends very much on national po– lides and legislations: whether they establish a closed system, admit– ting but one national carrier, or whether they favour competitíon between several carriers, both in soheduled and/or non-scheduled transportation. The national dedsion is closely connected to the size and the general philosOlphy of t!he respective individual coun– tries: SmalI countries will be inclined to concentrate their limited potential on one carrier, whereas v,ery big ones may get more ad~ vantages by admitting competition; in socialíst countries, concen– tration will :he more in line with the general system. Another relevent point is the relative importance given to sche– duled and non-scheduled transport by national policies and legis– lations: are they held on tlhe same footing, 01' is the one or the other given a priority position (e. g., by restricting, non-scheduled carriers to a supplementary role) 1. I1In the fieId of scheduled transport, it would seem natural to continue tihe present system as follows: - Only carri,ers designated by their respective governments are admitted, and designation is as a rule limited to one carrier on each side. - 'I'he routes or route legs to be served are predetermined by the route schemes which form part of the bilateral agreements. - There i8 no limitation on passenger categories. 2. [n the field of non-scheduled transport as well, mutual designa– tion of carriers seems to be a useful concept. With regard to destinations, an open system may be preferable (if t1he reIation to scheduled transport is regulated by some kind of capacity and pel1halps tariff CO'l1trol, see bdow 4.2.2.2). 59