Chile: the balanced view : a recopilation of articles about the Allende years and after

Communist Party Armando Hart, with respect to what the Government of Cuba seeks in Its relations with the governments of the hemisphere, and very particularly with my own. None of these words, Mr. Chairman, support the appretiation that we are on the eve of a fundamental change or that the sanctions against the Government of Cuba may be Jifted, because il is obvious Ihal in order lo lift such sanctions there should be some evidence, some indication, that the sanctioned government, through its acts and through the slate– ments of ils leaders, has changed ils coúrse. None of such is evident from these statements. As I have already submitted to the Chair Ihe documents containing the statements of Dr. Castro and Dr. Raúl Roa, I shall only read out the two cables which have arrived today from Mexico. One of them says: "Mexico 23, A.P. Cuba proposes to Latin America leftists a new antiimperialistic strategy of vas! proportions that would be implemented in Chile and then spread to the rest of the hemisphere" -and I cite in quotation marks as it so appears in the release "to its ultimate consequences". End of quote. The proposal was raised by Armando Hart, member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party and one of the founders of the "Movimiento 26 de jul io" that originated the Cuban revolution. Hart spoke at a ceremony in memory of Miguel Enríquez Espinoza, Secretary General of the Movimiento de Izquierda Revolucionaria, MIR, killed in Santiago in a clash with security forces. This clash was a resultof a holdup carried out by other MIR members led by Enríquez, on a Banco de Chile branch office, in Calle Huérfanos, in midtown Santiago, from where they stole thirty-five thousand dollars. Hart stated:"The Cuban Communist Party is at the service of Marxist-Leninists and of all antiimperialistic leftists in the hemisphere toiointly develope and apply a long-term revolutionary strategy. The international solidarity of the Latin American revolutionary movement must first be used in Chile. In the presence of reactionary violence from antidemocratic groups we shall use the revolutionary violence of the working masses". He said that "Chile must be used as a starting point for a movement olvast proportions, to help the peoples oppr:essed by the insidious actions of imperialism. We communists must carry this strategy to its ultimate consequences on the basis of the principies taught to us by Marx, Engels, and Lenin". He added that a movement against what he termed Chile's fascist armed forces could become a plan of wide scope against the oppressing classes, until it became an antifascist movement in the entire continent. He indicated that this plan was possible. Mr. Chairman, Messrs. Representatives, it may be argued nimbly that the offense of Cuban intervention in Chile between 1970 and 1973 is not determined, by arguing.that there was collision between the intervened and íntervening governments, or because weapons could have been sent to Chile -and the Castro government admits it-in agreement with or at the request of Allende. That rare theory, Mr. Chairman, naturally cannot resist the slíght analysis. The state is the entity of internationallaw; it is the state that is made up by laws and institutions, not the government. This is an Organizati.on of American States. The time in which Louis XIV could confuse the state and himself is nn longer. To presume that a ruler; openly violating the laws and the constitution of his country, is conducting a legítimate act in forming a paramílitary army trained abroad and provided with arms from abroad, without such arms having been purchased with moníes allocated by the national budget. wíthout sueh arms being duly and legally taken into the country, that is turning one's back on recent examples of drastical and historical consequences. It means supposing, in sum, that the state is the ruler and that for him, laws do not operate, inasmuch as he is above them. The United States, Mr. Chairman, have just shown the world that such is not the case. The fact that intervention, even if requeste.d, is a crime in my counlry and for the other American states and, finally, known in Chile and the other states as such, is easily shown, Mr. Chairman, and il is particularly pleasing for me to be able to do so, as I absorbed that doctrine since childhood, originating from the political school of he who presented il in Chile over one hundred and fifty years ago, and which was enthusiastically accepted by the 106