Página 169 - Dimensiones éticas de las regulaciones en salud

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Current levels of research
The development of human subject protection standards has allowed the
human subjects research enterprise in Latin America to grow and flourish.
Two measures of progress are country-level grant, contract, and training
expenditures reported by the National Institutes of Health(42); and the
number of studies compiled in ClinicalTrials.gov, an internet-based com-
pilation of over 78,000 clinical trials around the world(43). This informa-
tion is summarized in Table 5.
Table 5. Current Research Portfolios, by Country
Country Number of NIH
Awards
Total Expenditure for NIH
Awards (thousands $)
Number of Clinical
Trials
Argentina 52 5,670.0 803
Belize 0 0 4
Bolivia 7 335.8 9
Brazil 87 9,923.2 1,197
Chile 28 2715.7 423
Colombia 20 1,202.6 250
Costa Rica 14 1,278.4 97
Cuba 0 0 5
Dominican Republic 5 2,534.3 39
Ecuador 12 1,135.0 46
El Salvador 1 973.6 9
Guatemala 9 774.4 89
Honduras 3 180.5 15
Mexico 72 6,417.3 902
Nicaragua 5 272.1 3
Panama 5 670.6 70
Paraguay 1 11.0 5
Peru 49 9,434.4 354
Uruguay 15 419.5 26
Venezuela 2 312.8 70
Total 387 44,261.2 4,420
Based on these data, the countries with the largest human subjects re-
search portfolios are Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, and Peru. All five
of these countries have well-elaborated infrastructures for the protection
of human subjects.