Global health. The current scenario and future perspectives

38 national NGOs and industry members in different countries. The funds raised in France and Chile were initially allocated for 100%, in the case of France, to the Global Fund and for 50%, in the case of Chile, with the other 50% allocated to the promotion of domestic tourism. In Brazil, the funds were used to finance a major anti-hunger campaign. Faced with the Covid- 19 pandemic, Unitaid has financed the distribution of billions of doses of Dexamethasone for the treatment of affected individuals in Africa. It also directs millions of dollars towards research and development of new diagnostic and treatment tools to help countries negotiate low prices for their acquisition and use. This is part of a multilateral effort known as the ACT-Accelerator, which aims to share responsibility and risk between the international public and private communities. The COVAX facility, coordinated by the WHO and GAVI, is a key pillar of the ACT initiative and serves as a global mechanism for the joint procurement and equitable distribution of Covid-19 vaccines among the 20% most vulnerable countries and populations. The most recent chapter in financing global public goods, particularly global health to combat the Covid-19 pandemic, came up in July 2021 at the G-20 finance ministers and central bank governors meeting in Venice as a response to the globalization and digitization of the economy. It was agreed, following a proposal President Biden made shortly after taking office, to create a global minimum tax for multinational companies that would generate over 20 billion euros in revenue and have a profit margin of 10% before taxes, regardless of their location. Former President Ricardo Lagos of Chile commented that “this implies a huge change in the global tax system and requires the G-20 countries to agree on an equivalent percentage charge for all. Some say it should be 15% on a 10% profit margin, and others, like Argentina and France, suggest increasing it to 25%” (Lagos, 2021). The G- 20 generally approved this idea in October 2021, but at the time of this article’s publication the necessary mechanism has not yet been established (“G-20 leaders endorse global tax deal and pledge more vaccines for the poor,” 2021). The situation in the Americas Governance and resources of the PAHO (Pan American Health Organization) The governance and governability of the regional health system in the Americas largely follow those of the global system. As mentioned, the International Sanitary Bureau in the Americas evolved from being an entity directly managed by the US Surgeon General (the country’s public health director) to becoming the intergovernmental agency for regional health issues in the Americas. Its first non-US director was Dr. Abraham Horwitz