Global health. The current scenario and future perspectives

275 7,800 to USD 26,000 and that the Declaration process was underway, the environment was suitable for a new price review. Therefore, companies holding these registrations were called upon to present new price offers. Some offered minimal discounts and the company that offered Sofosbuvir at USD 7,800 maintained that price and offered the new pan genotypic DAA combination at USD 5,100 per treatment, well below of the price that had been achieved in joint negotiations. The magnitude of this discount justified before authorities a rapid modification of the recently issued GES Decree (Gobierno de Chile, 2018a). We can say that this time success was achieved by both State and patients. During the current pandemic period, discussion about health rights and access to patented medicines in case of health emergencies has resurfaced. In October 2020, India and South Africa submitted a petition to the WTO requesting flexibility on the TRIPS Agreement specifically regarding prevention, treatment and containment measures for Covid-19. In Chile, the Innovarte Corporation along with other civil society organizations like the Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative (DNDI) and the College Of Pharmaceutical Chemists Of Chile presented a request to government urging them to take an active leadership role in the global fight against Covid-19 by expressing support for this proposal; however, the government has not yet made a statement. To the surprise of the world, in May 2021 the US President Joe Biden joined the proposal by expressing his support to relax the TRIPS Agreement. Part of the European Union and Russia have also expressed their support and Brazil is considering it, which has generated an international citizen movement called “Release The Patents” to pressure countries and companies. When analyzing some real situations regarding the impact of patents on access to medicines, we reaffirm the quote that “the pharmaceutical industry has developed multiple ways to try to exploit the patent system and obtain greater benefits than its nature demands. The list of instruments used is vast and ranges from political pressure to design and imposition of laws, through extensive interpretation of traditional patentability requirements.” (Arellano & Tobar, 2012). We can then conclude that trade agreements have only favored the industry and developed countries, while regional integration agreements and health collaboration agreements have allowed States to negotiate jointly for better access to quality medicines for all people, regardless of their socioeconomic level. Recently in Chile, actions related to access to medicines have been taken as local collaborative initiatives rather than coming from the central level, and defense of health as a right has mainly arisen from civil society organizations. Finally, it has been the citizen demonstrations that contributed towards generating constitutional change that could finally