Global health. The current scenario and future perspectives

236 hinders women’s political participation and lacks guarantees concerning SRR matters. Protection against gender violence should cover all forms of violence, including when SRR are violated by the State or its institutions. Ensuring quality access to public health services is crucial within policies aimed at equitably protecting SRR and promoting equality within a broader societal framework. Constitutions play a pivotal role in establishing fundamental principles and agreements for societies, and those revised through participatory constituent processes demonstrate an evolution over time. In terms of guaranteeing and addressing these rights, the Constitution of Mexico City stands out as a model in this field by showcasing a high level of understanding. An essential consideration is granting superior status to international human rights treaties over domestic laws. Other important topics persist, such as addressing the delineation between public and private spheres, especially concerning the family dynamic. As highlighted by Guzmán (2003), achieving gender equality extends beyond providing equal opportunities. It requires women’s active participation in redefining foundational norms and structures. This was reflected in the attempt to keep a gender balance among the members of the convention who drafted the new Chilean Constitution. Bareiro (2021) has astutely observed that while feminism has made undeniable strides in conceptualizing and advocating for women’s rights, a crucial area remains that demands more attention: the structural framework of the State. This perspective gains significant relevance in the context of depatriarchalizing both the Constitution and the State apparatus, paving the way for the development of public policies that align with the principles of substantive equality and full citizenship. As mentioned before, autonomy finds its first territory within one’s own body. In 2017, the Mexico City’s Constitution recognized the right not to become a mother. On March 15 th , 2022, during the drafting phase of Chile’s constitutional text subject to plebiscite by a constituent convention, a significant article was included: Article 16 - All individuals are holders of sexual and reproductive rights. These include, among others, the right to decide freely, autonomously and informedly about one’s own body, the exercise of sexuality, reproduction, pleasure and contraception. The State guarantees the exercise of sexual and reproductive rights without discrimination, with a gender perspective, inclusion and cultural relevance. It also ensures access to information, education, health services and benefits required for this purpose while ensuring that all women and people with gestational capacity have conditions for pregnancy as well as voluntary interruption of pregnancy, protected childbirth and voluntary motherhood. Likewise, it guarantees their exercise free from violence or interference by third parties whether individuals