Global health. The current scenario and future perspectives

186 bottom and the second-to-last on the social scale. Undoubtedly, organized social responses generated by state actors, NGOs, civil society organizations, churches and international bodies have been key in coordinating actions for this target population. However, institutional actions require trained personnel in this field. This challenges us to reconsider training spaces for both health professionals and humanitarian personnel to update competencies that allow an effective response to the challenges of implementing the right to health and well-being of migrant and refugee populations in Latin America. The World Health Organization (WHO, 2021) points out that, while refugees and migrants have the same fundamental human right to enjoy the highest standard of health as all people, accessing healthcare services is often challenging for them. These services also need cultural sensitivity and effective care that recognizes and responds to their physical and mental health needs, including any harmful impact experienced during their migratory journey and considering language barriers. The publication by Szilard et al. (2016) presents over a decade’s worth of experience from Pécs University Medical School in Hungary. It highlights sudden increases in migratory flows within Europe, which has led the WHO’s European Office to repeatedly call on states since 2015 and urge them to develop or strengthen their healthcare systems by making them sensitive towards providing care for arriving migrant and refugee populations. The authors note that the European education system ultimately failed to generate institutional responses. As early as 2008, World Health Assembly Resolution WHA 61.17 called on member states to strengthen their healthcare systems to provide appropriate care for the needs of migrant and refugee populations. However, this progress was not reflected in the development of capacities among healthcare personnel. While some training initiatives were carried out with modules focusing on healthcare for migrants such as Equi-Health and MeM- T, these focused on specific aspects without developing a comprehensive approach. In this context, Pécs University Medical School is currently developing theoretical-practical study programs and research in the field of migrant population health for both undergraduate and postgraduate students. In undergraduate studies, migration related to family medicine and occupational health is mandatory content. Optional courses cover topics such as humanitarian care and travel medicine. In postgraduate programs for healthcare professionals, a course on cultural competence in healthcare is taught. Thus, says Szilard, the health of migrant populations forms an interdisciplinary field within health sciences that requires a new type of