Global health. The current scenario and future perspectives

132 regulations on these issues, even though Chile lacks a political and institutional framework that establishes climate-change commitments or activities. The Ministry of the Environment only coordinates climate-change policy, while other ministries control implementation and resource allocation. Responsibilities are thus divided among different ministries, citizen participation and commitment. According to the latest NDC submitted in 2020, the country commits to a series of goals in line with the 2030 Agenda. In terms of mitigation, some of the measures the country commits to include “a greenhouse gas emissions budget that will not exceed 1,100 megatons of CO 2 -eq between 2020 and 2030, with a maximum of GHG emissions by 2025” and “a reduction of at least 25% in total black carbon emissions by 2030 compared to 2016”. Specifically for health, it is stated that “by 2030, 100% of the health sector’s goals of the 2030 Agenda will be achieved.”. Unfortunately, no specific goals are set to protect health from the impacts of climate change or potential co-benefits of mitigation (Government of Chile. Ministry of Environment, 2020). Finally, in 2019, work began on the Climate Change Framework Law, which strengthens climate governance by granting powers and obligations to state agencies for climate action. It sets a carbon neutrality target by 2050, which requires assuming climate commitments. This law was published in the Official Gazette on June 13 th , 2022 (Government of Chile. Ministry of Environment, 2020). Opportunities for action and potential strategies to strengthen climate action and health protection This section presents some potential actions and strategies to strengthen climate action and health protection for the population. While not intended to be exhaustive or unique, these measures could enhance the processes and roles of certain key actors at different levels of organization. Climate and health actions, in general, require intersectoral collaboration at different levels of organization. In this sense, strategies are proposed at global, regional, national, local and individual level. At each level, different key actors implement the action strategies. Global-level strategies Climate negotiations should focus on reducing greenhouse gas emissions by taking the need for justice among different countries into account. The reduction of greenhouse gas emissions cannot continue to be postponed by