Migración internacional de enfermeras/os de América Latina 2010-2019

464 Migración internacional de enfermeras/os de América Latina 2010-2019 can or will occur if the registered nurse does not follow nursing law. Although certification is usually voluntary, it demonstrates meeting a specific level of competency and is required by some employers. The American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) Certification allows nurses to demonstrate their expertise in a specialty and validate their knowledge for emplo- yers and patients. The ANCC offers twelve specialty certifications, such as Gerontological Nursing, Informatics Nursing, and Pain Management Nursing (ANCC, 2023). The Commission on Graduates of Foreign Nursing Schools or CGFNS Certification Program is desig- ned specifically for entry-level general nurses educated and licensed outside the United States who wish to evaluate their chances of passing the US registered nurse licensure exam (CGFNS, 2023). The program is comprised of three parts: a credential review of the nurse's education, registration and licensure; a one-day qualifying exam that tests nursing knowledge; and an English language proficiency exam. Upon successful completion of all three elements of the program, the applicant receives a CGFNS Certificate. The Certificate designates nurses with a high potential for achieving licensure in the US. Work schedules and median salary Registered nurses who work in hospitals and nursing care facilities usually work in shifts throughout the day. They may work nights, weekends, and holidays. They may be on-call, which means that they must be available to work on short notice during the call period (e.g., 7 a.m. to 7 p.m.). Registered nurses who work in offices, public health departments, schools, and other health care settings are more likely to work regular business hours. The median annual wage for registered nurses was $75,330 USD in May 2020 (US Department of Labor, 2023). The median wage is the wage at which half the workers in an occupation earned more than that amount, and half earned less. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $53,410, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $116,230 USD. The median annual wages for registered nurses in the top industries in which they worked were as follows: Government: $84,490 USD Hospitals – state, local, and private: $76,840 USD Ambulatory healthcare services: $72,340 USD Nursing and residential care facilities: $68,450 USD Educational services – state, local, and private: $64,630 USD